Cover Page -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication Page -- Outline contents Page -- Detailed contents Page -- Preface Page -- Glossary Page -- Table of cases Page -- Table of legislation Page -- Part 1 Fundamentals of equity and trusts -- 1 The nature of equity -- 1.1 The foundations of equity -- 1.2 The birth of equity -- 1.3 Understanding equity -- 1.4 The core equitable principles -- 1.5 Placing equity in context -- 2 The nature of the trust -- 2.1 The birth of the trust -- 2.2 The definition of a trust -- 2.3 Express trusts: the magic triangle -- 2.4 Fundamentals of the law of trusts -- 2.5 The benefits and uses of trusts -- 2.6 The distinction between trusts and other legal concepts -- 2.7 Sociological issues in equity and trusts -- Part 2 Express trusts -- 3 Certainty in the creation of express trusts -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The three certainties -- 3.3 Certainty of intention -- 3.4 Certainty of subject matter -- 3.5 Certainty of objects -- 4 The rights of beneficiaries and the beneficiary principle -- 4.1 The nature of the rights of beneficiaries in the trust fund -- 4.2 The beneficiary principle -- 4.3 Unincorporated associations -- 5 The constitution of trusts -- 5.1 Specific formalities in the creation of trusts -- 5.2 The proper constitution of a trust -- 5.3 Exceptions to the rules of formality -- 5.4 Improperly constituted trusts and imperfect gifts -- 5.5 Perfecting imperfect gifts -- 5.6 Covenants and promises to create a settlement over after-acquired property -- 5.7 Disposition of equitable interests -- 6 Secret trusts -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Fully secret trusts -- 6.3 Half-secret trusts -- 6.4 General principles -- 6.5 The probate doctrine of incorporation by reference -- 6.6 Categorising the secret trust -- 7 Essay - The nature of express trusts -- 7.1 The paradox at the heart of express trusts.